What Are Gum Disease Symptoms?
Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection that affects the gums and tooth-supporting structures. It is a leading cause of tooth loss in adults and can have a significant impact on overall health. It is caused by bacteria that build up on the surface of the teeth. There are two main forms of gum disease: gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis is a mild, reversible form of inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more serious form that can damage the tissues that support the teeth, including the bone and periodontal ligaments.
Causes of Gum Disease
Gum disease is mainly caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque on the teeth and gums. Plaque is a sticky, colorless film of bacteria and food debris that constantly builds up on your teeth. If not removed through good oral hygiene, plaque can harden into tartar, which is more difficult to remove and requires professional cleaning.
Other factors that can contribute to gum disease include:
- Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for gum disease. Smokers are more likely to develop gum disease than non-smokers.
- Poor diet: A diet lacking essential nutrients can weaken the immune system and make the gums more susceptible to infection.
- Stress: Stress can compromise your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off infections.
- Genetics: Some people may be genetically predisposed to developing gum disease.
- Systemic diseases: Conditions such as diabetes can increase the risk of gum disease.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause can make your gums more susceptible to infection.
Symptoms of Gum Disease
Symptoms of gum disease can vary depending on the severity of the infection. Common symptoms include:
- Red, Swollen, Bleeding Gums: Gingivitis often presents as inflamed gums that bleed when brushing or flossing.
- Persistent Bad Breath: Bad breath, or bad breath, can be a sign of gum disease.
- Receding Gums: Periodontitis can cause your gums to recede, exposing more of your teeth and increasing sensitivity.
- Loose or Loose Teeth: In advanced stages of periodontitis, teeth may become loose due to damage to the supporting tissues.
- Pain When Chewing: Gum infections can make chewing painful.
Diagnosis of Gum Disease
Gum disease is diagnosed through a complete dental examination. Your dentist or periodontist will assess the condition of your gums, measure the depth of your gum pockets (spaces between your gums and your teeth), and may take x-rays to check for bone damage.
It is important to have regular dental checkups to detect and treat any gum problems promptly.
Gum Disease Prevention
Preventing gum disease is essential to maintaining good long-term oral health. Untreated gum disease can lead to serious complications, including tooth loss and an increased risk of other systemic diseases. Adopting good oral hygiene habits and getting regular dental checkups can make a difference in preventing gum disease.
Gum disease is a common ailment, but it must be treated by a professional. Contact us today to talk about your gum health and for an examination!