Types of Tooth Fillings
Fillings are an incredibly common treatment used in dentistry. It can be surprising to learn from the dentist that you require a filling, but do not worry. Most patients will have one or more fillings at some point in their lifetime. Dental fillings are a treatment used for a tooth that is damaged from decay. The treatment helps restore the function and appearance of the tooth. In addition, it helps prevent further damage and the progression of the decay.
Symptoms
The dentist will examine the teeth to look for any visual abnormalities like discoloration or a sticky texture. A tooth with decay may also be sensitive to hot or cold temperatures. The dentist will also order x-rays to provide additional visibility inside the tooth. The amount of damage and type of filling being used will determine the optimal treatment.
Types of Tooth Fillings
There are different types of fillings that can be used. The best filling will vary based on things such as the location of the cavity, the amount of damage, allergies, and cost. Below is a summary of the different types of fillings that are available to patients.
- Gold: These fillings are made specifically for the patient and cemented into place over the tooth, which contains a cavity. A gold inlay is extremely strong and durable. When they are properly cared for, gold fillings can last for more than 20 years. This type of filling is the most expensive choice, and multiple visits are required for treatment.
- Amalgam: These fillings are silver in color and commonly used. Amalgam is relatively affordable and highly resistant to damage. Because of the dark, visible color, this type of filling is not ideal for teeth in the front of the mouth or in highly visible areas.
- Composite resin: These fillings are white in color and more natural in their appearance. The composite fillings are not as durable and can be susceptible to stains. As a result, they do not last as long. Composite fillings are often used for smaller cavities.
- Porcelain: These fillings are also called inlays or onlays. They are custom-made in a dental lab for the patient and bonded to the affected tooth. Porcelain is able to closely match to color of the natural teeth and is highly resistant to stains. These restorations cover most of the tooth and are more expensive compared to amalgam or composite fillings.
Procedure
Prior to receiving a filling, the dentist will administer a local anesthetic, which numbs the treatment area. A drill is then used to break through the tooth’s enamel and remove the decay. The space is then shaped and prepared for the filling. A base or liner may be placed to protect the tooth's pulp, which contains sensitive nerves.
When the dental professional is using a bonded filling, which is common with composite, an acid gel will be used to etch the tooth. This makes tiny holes in the enamel, which allows for the composite material to fill. A bonding material is used to ensure the filling bonds to the tooth. This helps minimize the risk of decay below the filling. A special light is also used to harden composite fillings.
The tooth containing the filling will then be polished to ensure any sharp edges are removed. The dentist will also ask patients to bite down to ensure the filling does not stick out or impact how the teeth fit together. In some cases, the patient may require modifications at a future appointment once the local anesthetic wears off.
Call the office today if you suspect that you may have a cavity and require treatment. The team can discuss the different types of fillings that are available and review which options will work best for your unique case.